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Line printer spooler daemon
lpd [-ln] [portnum]
Neutrino
- -l
- (“el”) Log valid
requests received from the network. This can be useful for
debugging purposes.
- -n
- Don't check to see if the job host is included in
/etc/hosts.equiv or /etc/hosts.lpd.
This option allows anyone on a network to print.
- portnum
- Although the Internet port number used to rendezvous
with other processes is normally obtained with
getservbyname(), you can use this option to
change the port number.
The lpd daemon makes a single
pass through the printcap database,
restarting any printers that have jobs. The daemon listens
for requests to:
- print files in the queue
- transfer files to the spooling area
- display the queue
- remove jobs from the queue.
In each case, lpd forks a child to handle the
request, so that the parent can continue to listen for more
requests.
Access control is provided by two means:
- All requests
must come from one of the machines listed in the file
/etc/hosts.equiv or
/etc/hosts.lpd.
- If the rs
capability is specified in the printcap entry
for the printer being accessed, lpr requests are
honored only for those users with accounts on the machine
with the printer.
The lpd daemon uses simple text files as lock
files for synchronization. The parent daemon uses the file
/usr/spool/output/lpd.lock, while its children
use a .lock file within each spool directory
specified in the printcap file.
|
Both the /usr/spool/output and /etc/printcap
directories must exist, or lpd won't run.
If these directories exist, and lpd still won't run, remove
/usr/spool/output/lpd.lock if it exists (e.g after a power
failure or system crash). |
The lock file is kept in a readable ASCII form and contains
two lines. The first line is the pid of the
daemon who owns the lock.
The second line of the child's lock file contains the current job or
status.
To keep a printer from filling your hard disk, a
minfree file may be created in its spool
directory. This file should contain the number of blocks (in
ASCII) to leave free.
If errors occur, lpd writes messages to the system log.
In order to capture the log messages, you need to have
syslogd
running.
|
If errors occur, lpd doesn't send much information to standard
error, but it saves lots of information in the system log.
If you have problems with lpd, the system log will very likely
help you figure out what's wrong. |
- /etc/printcap
- Printer description file.
- /usr/spool/*
- Spool directories.
- /usr/spool/*/minfree
- Minimum free space to leave.
- /etc/hosts.equiv
- A list of machine names that are allowed to access the printers.
- /etc/hosts.lpd
- A list of machine names that are allowed to access the printers, but not
under the same administrative control.
/etc/hosts.equiv,
lpr,
lprc,
lprq,
lprrm,
/etc/printcap,
syslogd
Printing
chapter of the Neutrino User's Guide
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